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El Hierro's size and geography supports entirely endemic species including the critically endangered ( Gallotia simonyi), for which there is a captive breeding programme, allowing its reintroduction. The non-barren parts of the interior rely on, not much more than the average of 19 rainfall days per year, high relative humidity and geothermal springs. This non-arid parts have thermophilous (geothermal heat-liking) clumps and a pine forest with other evergreens. In 2000, El Hierro was designated by as a, with 60% of its territory protected to preserve its natural and cultural diversity.
Among in these waters, it is notable that several species of lesser known inhabit around the island. Like the rest of the chain, El Hierro is volcanic and sharply mountainous. One eruption has to date been recorded on the island: from the Volcan de Lomo Negro vent in 1793, lasting a month. [ ] Except as landscaped at its harbour towns the shore is rocky and in places precipitous.
El Hierro is a 268.71-square-kilometre (103.75 sq mi) island, formed late, about 1.2 million years ago after three successive eruptions, the island emerged from the ocean as a triangle of topped with a cone more than 2,000 metres high. With continued activity resulting in the island expanding to have the largest number of in the Canaries (over 500 cones, another 300 covered by more recent deposits), together with approximately 70 caves and volcanic galleries, including the whose collection of channels exceeds 6 km. Landslides, plant erosion and seasonal wind erosion have reduced the size and height of the island. The current highest point is in the middle of the island, in Malpaso, 1501 meters high. Tourism and transportation [ ]. Festivals [ ] The most important festival of El Hierro is the Bajada de la Virgen de los Reyes, held every four years, on the first Saturday of July (the last occasion was in 2017, and the next will be in 2021).
During the festival, the Virgin of the Kings ( Virgen de los Reyes, patron saint of the island of El Hierro) is taken from her sanctuary in La Dehesa (in the municipality of ) and carried to the capital of the island,, making a tour of 44 kilometers and running through all the towns of El Hierro. The annual festival of the Virgin is celebrated every September 24. Natural symbols [ ].
Assembly of the first of five wind turbines with 2.5 MW each. According to the Ministry for Industry, Tourism and Commerce, El Hierro hopes to become the first island in the world to be self-sufficient for electrical energy. This will be achieved through a €54 million project combining a greater than 11 and two hydroelectric projects. This hydro and wind-power project, created by the local Gorona del Viento El Hierro consortium with financial aid from the, and officially inaugurated in 2015, consists of five capable of producing 11.5 megawatts of to supply electricity for approximately 11,000 residents, an additional number of tourists, and three water facilities. The system stores surplus by pumping water up 700 meters (approximately 2,300 feet) to the crater of an extinct volcano.
When winds are calm or when demand exceeds supply, water is released from the crater to generate 11.3 MW of electricity, filling a smaller artificial basin created at the bottom of the extinct volcano. Water in the lower basin is then pumped back up again to the upper reservoir when there is excess wind power. The closed-loop hybrid wind/hydro system is expected to save approximately US$4M per year (calculated with January 2011 oil prices) previously spent on about 40,000 barrels of crude oil imported annually, attempting to make the island completely self-sufficient for electrical energy. 2016 was the first whole year for the power plant and it reached 40.7% of the total demand, reducing consumption of diesel by 6,000 tonnes. In 2017, the share climbed to 46.5%. The installation also powers a desalination plant that provides fresh water.
In early 2018, El Hierro covered its entire electricity demand between the 25th of January and the 12th of February with its renewable resource base, avoiding the use of polluting energy sources for over more than 560 hours in 2018 - and a total of almost 2,000 hours since it started operating. Last data 2018 Blog of Roger Andrews Bimbache openART Festival [ ] The Bimbache openART Festival and Global Initiative for Arts and Sustainability, founded in 2005 by German-born guitarist and other community activists, is a non-profit effort at creating an interdisciplinary platform which seeks to bridge traditional divides, both on a musical and human level, in a globalizing world.
The festival is a contribution of the international artist community to El Hierro's 'Sustainable Island' program and collaborates with scientists and sustainability-oriented organizations from around the world. El Hierro in literature [ ] The island of Hierro is mentioned (1) in 's novel ( L'isola del giorno prima, 1994), about a 17th-century Italian nobleman trapped on an island on the; (2) in 's short story 'The Turn Round the World', collected in his Exhumations (1966); and (3) in the first chapter of 's (1986) maritime chronicle 'Adrift', in which El Hierro is his final port of departure for an ill-fated Atlantic crossing. See also [ ].